DYNAMICS

Changes are taking place all around in organization. It is but natural that everything changes over time. What remains constant is change itself. Manager finds that changes need to be initiated at different levels within the organization –individual, group, structure, processes and subsystems coping with internal and external environmental changes. By scanning the environment of the organization and deciphering how changes in the environment are likely to widen the gap between desired and actual state of affairs of organization such as productivity, customer and employer satisfactions, profits, the manager can be a change – agent for introducing planned changes in the organization. The term work change in the organization refers to any alteration that occurs in the work environment. Planned changes mean those changes which are effected in a planned manner after assessing the need for change and working out the details as to when and how they will be carried out. Planned change is also called proactive change. In contrast, reactive change is one which takes place in random fashion as a crisis situation develops. For proactive or planned change to be initiated, manager shall be sensitive to the environment al changes affecting the organization by being boundary scanners so that organizational crisis situations can be averted. Planned changes or proactive change is purposeful or goal-directed. There are two widely recognized goals of the planned change. One, it seeks to improve the organizational ability to cope with, or adapt to, changing environment. Second, it seeks to change employee knowledge, attitude and behavior. A few generalizations about change reflect its nature. Change in any part of the organization tends to affect the whole organization. Change is a human as well as a technical problem. Social equilibrium exists in the organization employees are adjusted. When change occurs in the organization, it requires employees to make new adjustments as the organization seeks new equilibrium.Regarding it is the objective of management to restore and maintain equilibrium of work group and personal adjustment which change upsets. Though manager is a primary change agent, employees, outside consultants may also be change agents.

Analytics

Analyzing the stages in the evolution of organizational structures and their specific implications to behavior in organizations are the focus of this unit. Every organization has certain objectives or goals which it strives to accomplish. In order to do so, people work together in groups .The activities of each of these individuals and groups are co-ordinated by authority-responsibility relationships. These are determined on the basis of the hierarchy of the jobs. This is what we mean by “organization”. Such clearly marked relationships help to ensure effective work performance. Some of the commonly used definitions of the term are given here, so as to draw a clearer picture of the term and its use. An organization is a group of individuals co-ordinated into different levels of authority and segments of specialization for the purpose of achieving the goals and objectives of the organization . The process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively together in establishing of objectives. An organization is the formation of an effective machine, the management of an effective executive and the administration of an effective direction. Administration determines the goals, management strives towards it. Administrator determines the organization ; the management uses it. An organization is a machine of management in its achievement of the ends determined by its administration. An analysis of these definitions show that organizations are born out of a necessity for a clear, well defined system or structure, which people require for execution of their work responsibilities . It helps them to relate to each other , co-ordinate their activities , and achieve the organizational goals or objectives. It minimizes confusion, nurtures suitable work behavior , and maximizes effectiveness.